Insights into Artificial Intelligence and Ethnoscience in STEM: Systematic Literature Review (SLR) for Pre-Service Physics Teachers
Article Sidebar
Abstract:
Background: Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI), ethnoscience, and STEM education is increasingly important for preparing pre-service physics teachers to address technological, interdisciplinary, and culturally responsive demands. However, research in Indonesia remains fragmented, with AI, STEM, and ethnoscience investigated as separate domains, limiting integrated approaches to physics teacher preparation.
Aims: This study identifies publication trends, dominant themes, methodological characteristics, and gaps in integrating AI, ethnoscience, and STEM within Indonesian pre-service physics teacher education.
Methods: Guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, an integrative literature review examined publications from 2015 to 2026 from Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and ERIC. Following title, abstract, and full-text screening, 51 articles were selected. Data were analyzed using descriptive bibliometrics, thematic analysis, and gap analysis.
Results: Three trends emerged. First, research emphasizes AI- and STEM-enhanced learning, conceptual understanding, and 21st-century competencies. Second, ethnoscience studies promote local wisdom, contextual learning, cultural literacy, and instructional resources, but remain disconnected from AI-supported STEM learning. Third, comprehensive frameworks integrating AI, ethnoscience, and STEM for pre-service physics teacher education remain scarce. Developmental and qualitative approaches dominate existing studies, while mixed-methods, longitudinal, and intervention-based research remains limited. Gaps persist in examining pre-service teachers’ AI literacy, TPACK, prior knowledge, and capacity to design culturally contextualized STEM learning supported by AI.
Conclusion: The findings reveal a research gap and provide a foundation for developing empirically validated, culturally responsive frameworks integrating AI, STEM, and ethnoscience to strengthen AI literacy, TPACK, STEM competencies, and contextual pedagogical practice in physics teacher education.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Ethnoscience , STEM, Syistematic LIterature Review
Downloads
Copyright (c) 2026 Yaspin Yolanda, Maison, Damris. M, Bambang Heriyadi, Imam Arif Pribadi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Aguayo, C., Videla, R., & Ibacache, C. (2023). Ethical enactivism for smart and inclusive STEAM learning design. Heliyon, 9, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19205
Ainur, I., Raditya, F. N., Ahla, D. A. R., & Riski Muhammad, H. (2025). Ethnoscience-enhanced physics virtual simulation and augmented reality with inquiry learning: Impact on students’ creativity and motivation. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 57, 101846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2025.101846
Amalu, E. H., Short, M., Lin, P., Hughes, D. J., Adebayo, D. S., Kukka, M., Polyzou, O., & Ekere, N. N. (2023). Critical skills needs and challenges for STEM / STEAM graduates increased employability and entrepreneurship in the solar energy sector. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 187, 113776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.113776
Ammar, M., Al-thani, N. J., & Ahmad, Z. (2024). Role of pedagogical approaches in fostering innovation among K-12 students in STEM education. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 9, 100839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.100839
Anggita, S., Endraswara, S., & Rohman, A. (2024). Revitalizing local wisdom within character education through ethnopedagogy approach: A case study on a preschool in Yogyakarta. Heliyon, 10(10), e31370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31370
Bardoe, D., Hayford, D., Bagngmen, R., & Gyabeng, J. (2023). Challenges to the implementation of STEM education in the Bono East Region of Ghana. Heliyon, 9, e20416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20416
Beege, M., Hug, C., & Nerb, J. (2024). AI in STEM education: The relationship between teacher perceptions and ChatGPT use. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 16, 100494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2024.100494
Blackwell, W. (2019). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions
Boneva, Y., & Dimitrov, S. (2024). Criteria and Approaches for Optimization of Criteria Criteria and and Approaches Approaches for for Optimization Optimization of for Optimization of Education Criteria and Approaches for Optimization of Innovative Methods for STEM. Science Direct IFAC Papers OnLine, 58(3), 123–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2024.07.137
Bui, T., Tran, T., & Nguyen, T. (2023). Dataset of Vietnamese preschool teachers’ readiness towards implementing STEAM activities and projects. Data in Brief, 46, 108821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2022.108821
Campbell. (2021). Campbell systematic reviews : Policies and guidelines (Welch, Viv, Issue February). The Campbell Collaboration.org. https://doi.org/10.4073/cpg.2016.1
Dhany, K. R., & Yulianti, D. (2025). The Prospects and Challenges of STEM-PjBL with Design Thinking Strategies in Enhancing Students ’ Creativity and Entrepreneurial Thinking in the Context of Plastic Waste Recycling : Teachers ’ Perspectives. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(1), 28–37. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i1.9357
Evans, C. (2024). Care experienced students ’ transitions to university : learning identities , prior educational experiences and socio-cultural contexts. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 45(7–8), 1059–1073. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2024.2392148
Govender, N., Moheeput, K., & Singh, A. (2025). Cultural decolonization and implications for pedagogy in integrating STEM ‑ IKS education in the Global South. Cultural Studies of Science Education, October, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11422-025-10270-6
Gusman, T. A., & Yulina, I. K. (2023). The Effect of STEM Integrated Problem-Based Learning Model on Students ’ Critical Thinking Skills on Electrolyte and Non- Electrolyte Solution Materials. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(10), 8911–8917. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i10.5163
Hakim, A., Efwinda, S., Damayanti, P., Syam, M., Mutmainah, O., & Norsaputra, A. (2023). Improving Climate Literacy of High School Students Through Physics Teaching Materials Based on STEM. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 12(4), 526–537. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i4.43188
Hambali, I. M., Prasetya, A., Marzuki, W., & Jaafar, W. (2026). Revitalizing indigenous wisdom to prevent bullying : A qualitative ethnographic study of Bugis-Makassar cultural values in education. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 13(November 2025), 102342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102342
Holtbrügge, D., Wicht, L., & Bernhard, T. (2025). The use and usefulness of artificial intelligence in international business education. Evidence from a field study. International Journal of Management Education, 23(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2025.101258
Iqbal, M. Z., & Campbell, A. G. (2023). AGILEST approach : Using machine learning agents to facilitate kinesthetic learning in STEM education through real-time touchless hand interaction. Telematics and Informatics Reports, 9(100034), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teler.2022.100034
Kunioshi, N., Noguchi, J., & Tojo, K. (2019). Evidence of cultural differences between American and Japanese mainstream science and engineering contexts from analysis of classroom discourse. European Journal of Engineering Education ISSN:, 3797. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2018.1428531
Lohakan, M., & Seetao, C. (2024). Large-scale experiment in STEM education for high school students using artificial intelligence kit based on computer vision and Python. Heliyon, 10(e31366), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31366
Malele, V., & Ramaboka, M. E. (2023). The Design Thinking Approach to students STEAM projects. Science Direct, 91(March), 230–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2020.03.100
Mansour, N., Cevik, M., & Uzun, Y. (2025). Exploring the Impact of STEAM and Connected Learning on Skills of digital age in Primary Schools. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 1–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2025.102024
Maryna, N., Hanna, M., Kristina, P., Olena, K., Serhii, K., & Yana, S. (2025a). STEM education through the eyes of teachers from various specialties in Ukrainian Pedagogical University. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 9, 100464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2025.100464
Mezinska, S., Abolina, A., & Lubkina, V. (2024). Design-driven innovation in STEM disciplines in higher education : The role and impact of transversal competences. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(100429), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100429
Nehru, Purwaningsih, S., Riantoni, C., Ropawandi, D., & Novallyan, D. (2024). Mapping Students ’ Thinking Systems In Critical Thinking Based On Stem Project-Based Learning Experiences. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jamb, 8(1), 136–144. https://onlinejournal.unja.ac.id/JIITUJ/article/view/32027
Nirmala, S. A., Rokhmat, J., Ramdhani, A., & Sukarso, A. A. (2025). The Implementation of Project Based Learning integrated Ethno- STEM in Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: E-Saintika, 9(2), 316–332. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36312/e-saintika.v9i2.2856
Nkopodi, N., Jakovljevic, M., & Photo, P. (2024). Criteria for enhancing student wellbeing in STEM classrooms : ICT and indigenous knowledge in South African higher education. Discover Education, 3(152), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00251-2
Nowak, P. M. (2026). Artificial Intelligence in Analytical Chemistry: Towards Yet Undiscovered Opportunities. Analytical Chemistry, 98(8), 5843–5853. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5c06840
Otto, S., Lavi, R., & Brogaard, L. (2025). Human-GenAI interaction for active learning in STEM education : State-of-the-art and future directions. Computers & Education, 239(105444), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105444
Pardosi, J., Putra, I. M., & Napitupulu, B. P. (2026). Integration of local wisdom in tourism : a cultural studies perspective for sustainable development in Samosir. Cogent Social Sciences, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2026.2624136
Parviz, M. (2024). AI in education : Comparative perspectives from STEM and Non-STEM instructors. Computers and Education Open, 6(100190), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2024.100190
Permanasari, A., Rubini, B., Pursitasari, I. D., Nurramadhani, A., Hadiana, D., Suwarma, I. R., & Kumano, Y. (2024). Fun Classroom: How Seven Graders and Science Teachers Respond to STEM Learning as the First Experience in Suburban Area? Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 13(1), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v13i1.47386
Prihatiningtyas, S., Yunus, S. R., & Putra, I. A. (2025). Enhancing science literacy through flipbook-based STEM Qur’an e-modules: a case study in Islamic boarding schools. Humanities & Social Sciences Communications, 12(2025), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05054-w
Rahardjanto, A., Hudha, A. M., & Permana, T. I. (2025). Ecocultural practices in East Java , Indonesia : A hermeneutic phenomenological study on “ Reresik Kali ” as local wisdom for river conservation. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 12(November), 102176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102176
Santos, J. M. D. S., Silveira, A. R. P., & Breda, A. M. R. D. A. (2025). Empowering Mozambican educators : Overcoming technological challenges to implement STEAM education. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 9(100481), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2025.100481
Shahat, M. A., Emam, M. M., Alhinai, M., Omara, E. M., Alhabsi, N., Alhosni, K., Al-yahmedi, A., Al-amri, M., & Ismail, S. S. (2025). Enhancing middle school science education : Evaluating a competency-based STEM training program for teachers. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 11(101457), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101457
Shofiyah, N., Mauliana, M. I., & Wulandari, R. (2021). STEM Approach : The Development of Optical Instruments Module to Foster Scientific Literacy Skill. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: E-Saintika, 5(2), 92–103. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36312/esaintika.v5i2.388
Simpson, A., Mccann, J., Miroff, L. E., & Mcgee, T. (2025). The Complex STEM Identity Development of Middle School Girls in a Culturally Infused Afterschool Program. In Journal for STEM Education Research (Issue 0123456789). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41979-025-00162-3
Skowronek, M., Gilberti, M., Petro, M., Sancomb, C., Maddern, S., & Jankovic, J. (2022). Inclusive STEAM education in diverse disciplines of sustainable energy and AI. Energy and AI Journal, 7(October 2021), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyai.2021.100124
Sutaphan, S., & Yuenyong, C. (2023). Enhancing grade eight students ’ creative thinking in the water STEM education learning unit. Cakrawala Pendidikan Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 42(1), 120–135. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v42i1.36621
Suyono, S., & Azizah, U. (2020). Development of STEM-Based Chemistry Textbooks to Improve Students ’ Problem Solving Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: E-Saintika, 4(3), 308–318. https://journal-center.litpam.com/index.php/e-Saintika/article/view/306
Thinnakorn, W., Noonsuk, W., & Srimuang, K. (2026a). Cultural identity, local wisdom and sustainability of bamboo in forming vernacular architecture: a case study of Bang Chak and Khlong Noi communities, Mueang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2025.2603722
Thinnakorn, W., Noonsuk, W., & Srimuang, K. (2026b). Cultural identity , local wisdom and sustainability of bamboo in forming vernacular architecture : a case study of Bang Chak and Khlong Noi communities , Mueang District , Nakhon Si Thammarat Province forming vernacular architecture : a case study of Bang. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2025.2603722
Tripp, J. N., & Waight, N. (2024). Paradoxical perceptions : minoritized high school students ’ stereotypical and expansive views of science and scientists at an urban , inclusive STEM-focused high school ( ISHS ). Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research, 6(21), 1–28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s43031-024-00110-y
Valeri, F., Nilsson, P., & Cederqvist, A. (2025). Exploring students’ experience of ChatGPT in STEM education. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 8(100360), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100360
Weldeana, H. N., Sbhatu, D. B., & Berhe, G. T. (2023). Freshman STEM students’ misconceptions in a basic limit theorem of lim x→0(sinx/x). Heliyon, 9(12), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22359
Yang, W., Liang, L., Xiang, S., & Yeter, I. H. (2025). Making a Makerspace in early childhood education : Effects on children ’ s STEM thinking skills and emotional development. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 56(101754), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2025.101754
Yanti, Y. E., Safitri, R., Perucha, R., Afidh, F., Azmi, N., Zainuddin, A. A., Aatieff, A., Hussain, A., & Azmi, M. K. (2025). Implementing R-STEM and the ISLE Model to Enhance Students ’ Conceptual Understanding of Magnetic Induction at Unsyiah Laboratory School. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(3), 760–768. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i3.8665
Yolanda, Y., Arini, W., Fauziah, A., Effendi, E., & Pribadi, I. A. (2025). Artificial Intelligence assisted Renewable Energy Case Based Learning Integrated with Science Process Skills and Digital Literacy. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: E-Saintika, 9(2), 405–428. https://doi.org/10.36312/e-saintika.v9i2.3050
Yolanda, Y., Arini, W., Pribadi, I. A., & Setiawan, T. (2025). High Efficiency , Low Emissions And High Power : Iot Based Biomass Stove Fueled By Corn Cob And Coconut Shell For Sustainable Renewable Energy. International Journal of Environmental Sciences 23s, 11(23s), 5329–5343. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.64252/apvsya80
Yolanda, Y., & Pribadi, I. A. (2026). Transformation Science Classes with Artificial Intelligence and the Tradition of “Sedekah Bumi”: Learning About Renewable Energy in Context. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi, 10(1), 221–237. https://doi.org/10.22437/jiituj.v10i1.45003